joseph son of caiaphas

Indeed, Josephus called the first century soaring priest "Joseph Caiaphas". high priest during the time of Jesus. [7] According to The New York Times and a number of Biblical scholars, if authentic and attributable to high priest Caiaphas, the ossuary is an important confirmation of the New Testament account, and facilitates understanding of the historical Jesus. Caiaphas served as high priest from A.D. 18 to around A.D. 36 when he was deposed by the proconsul Vitellius (Antiquities 18.95). He played a key role in the trial and execution of Jesus Christ. Historical sources indicate the influential priestly background of Joseph Caiaphas: he was the son-in-law of *Anan son of Seth, a member of a powerful and important priestly family in Jerusalem (John 18:13); the Mishnah (Par. Annas was deposed after the death of Augustus, but had five sons who served as high priest after him. Josephus Eleazar the son of Ananus (16–17) Caiaphas, properly called Joseph son of Caiaphas (18–36/37), who had married the daughter of Annas ( John 18:13) Jonathan the son of Ananus (spring 37) Theophilus ben Ananus (37–41) Matthias ben Ananus (43) Ananus ben Ananus (63) How would one go about authenticating such an ossuary and inscription? But most scholars have taken ‘Yehosef bar Qayafa’ in the so-called Caiaphas tomb to mean not that this Joseph was the son of Caiaphas the high priest, but that he belonged to the family of Caiaphas (or, less likely, that ‘bar Qayafa’ is a nickname). It was located in the Peace Forest, near the North Talpiot neighborhood. The four cave niches contained twelve ossuaries, of which six had been disturbed by grave robbers. Eleazar, son of Boethus (4-3 BC) Simon Cantheras, son of Boethus (41-42 AD) Elioneus, son of Simon Cantheras (43-44 AD) Joshua, son of Gamaliel (64 AD), whose wife Martha belonged to the house; The House of Ananus. Since the original discovery, the identification with Caiaphas has been challenged by some scholars on various grounds, including the spelling of the inscription, the lack of any mention of Caiaphas's status as High Priest, the plainness of the tomb (although the ossuary itself is as ornate as might be expected from someone of his rank and family), and other reasons. 2. He was a strong opponent of Jesus and His message. Joseph Caiaphas was born into a wealthy Jewish Sadducee family. One, very ornate was inscribed, in two places, “Joseph son of Caiaphas”. Annas was the first high priest appointed by Rome when Judaea was made a province in 6 CE; he himself occupied the high priesthood for nine years and was followed at various points prior to 70 CE by five of his sons, one grandson, and, of course, his son-in-law, Caiaphas. Joseph ben Caiaphas (c. 14 BC – c. 46 AD), known simply as Caiaphas (Hebrew: יוֹסֵף בַּר קַיָּפָא ‎ Yōsēf bar Qayyāfāʾ; Greek: Καϊάφας) in the New Testament, was the Jewish high priest who, according to the gospels, organized a plot to kill Jesus.He famously presided over the Sanhedrin trial of Jesus. Historical sources indicate the influential priestly background of Joseph Caiaphas: he was the son-in-law of *Anan son of Seth, a member of a powerful and important priestly family in Jerusalem (John 18:13); the Mishnah (Par. According to Josephus, the high priest who succeeded Annas was “Joseph Caiaphas” ( Antiquities , 18.2.2; 18.4.3). His name features on one inscription reading "Joseph, son of Caiaphas" and two more reading "Yehosef bar Qafaya" and "Yehosef bar Qafa". Joseph son of Caiaphas was the Jewish high priest from 18-36 CE. In 1990, a tomb was accidently discovered during a construction project, and subsequently excavated. He was a strong opponent of Jesus and His message. The Caiaphas family burial cave was discovered in southeastern Jerusalem. Reed, Excavating Jesus: Beneath the Stones, Behind the Texts (2001), 283–287. 26:3, 57; Luke 3:2; John 11:49; 18:13–14, 24, 28; Acts 4:6), Caiaphas was appointed by the procurator Valerius Gratus to succeed *Simeon b. Kimḥit. Highly decorated ossuary twice inscribed "Joseph, son of Caiaphas" which held the bones of a 60-year-old male. 3. The inscription translates to “Joseph, son of Caiaphas”. 5 and 6) and contained the partial skeletal “remains of six individuals, including a male c. 60 years old” (Zias 1992: 78-79). The limestone ossuary measures c. 37 cm (15 in) high by 75 cm (30 in) long and is housed in the Israel Museum, Jerusalem.[2]. Certainly it was more common for a man to be known as the son of “first name of father.” So if Caiaphas is the first name of the father of Joseph bar Caiaphas, then the father of Joseph bar Caiaphas is not Eli/Heli. Wikipedia But most scholars have taken ‘Yehosef bar Qayafa’ in the so-called Caiaphas tomb to mean not that this Joseph was the son of Caiaphas the high priest, but that he belonged to the family of Caiaphas (or, less likely, that ‘bar Qayafa’ is a nickname). [9][11], The name "קפא" - Caiaphas on the ossuary, the Israel Museum, Jerusalem, Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}31°45′31″N 35°13′43″E / 31.75861°N 35.22861°E / 31.75861; 35.22861, "And Caiaphas is an historic personality, known and named as such by Flavius Josephus, which cannot be said of Jesus, as the forged passage in the "Antiquities of the Jews" (18:63) long ago has been recognized as such by even the most conservative students. The Caiaphas Ossuary. . His successor was "Jonathan the son of Ananus," (Annas of the NT) (Antiq. The latter is a looted, though authenticated artifact from the Valley of Elah, bearing the inscription: "Miriam daughter of Yeshua son of Caiapha, priest of Ma’azya from Beit Imri". The Caiaphas ossuary is a highly decorated ossuary twice inscribed "Joseph, son of Caiaphas" which held the bones of a 60-year-old male. The Caiaphas ossuary is a highly decorated ossuary twice inscribed "Joseph, son of Caiaphas" which held the bones of a 60-year-old male. [8][9][10] More generally, the contents of the burial cave increase knowledge of ossuary inscriptions and burial customs of the Second Temple period.[4]. His name was Caiaphas, High Priest of Israel. Joseph son of Caiaphas—most often referred to simply as Caiaphas—was the high priest in Jerusalem during the time of Jesus from 18 CE to 36 or 37 CE. Josephus Eleazar the son of Ananus (16–17) Caiaphas, properly called Joseph son of Caiaphas (18–36/37), who had married the daughter of Annas ( John 18:13) Jonathan the son of Ananus (spring 37) Theophilus ben Ananus (37–41) Matthias ben Ananus (43) Ananus ben Ananus (63) He is known chiefly for his involvement in the arrest of Jesus as described in the New Testament. 2. A. Edersheim, Life and Times of Jesus, 1 (18862), 242, 262–3; 2 (18863), 326, 546, 549–61; S.G.F. Of these high priests mentioned, the most prominent was Caiaphas, who appears as Joseph, son of Caiaphas (18–36/37), and as someone who had married Annas’s daughter (John 18:13). The limestone ossuary measures c. 37 cm (15 in) high by 75 cm (30 in) long and is housed in the Israel Museum , Jerusalem. Brandon, Jesusand the Zealots (1967), 67, 81; idem, Trial of Jesus of Nazareth (1968), index; J. Klausner, Jesus of Nazareth (1929), 162, 339–40; Smallwood, in: JTS, 13 (April 1962), 14–34; P. Winter, The Trial of Jesus (1964), 11–12. Besides the detailed etching, there were traces of bright orange paint. Until that discovery, there had been no independent archeological discovery of any … This identification is disputed. [4] The workers' superintendent reported it to the Israel Antiquities Authority after the tomb's roof was opened by a bulldozer, to reveal the rock-hewn loculi burial cave. During this time, Herod Antipas and Philip were administering their tetrarchies . Crossan and J.L. This is the most elegant of the 12 ossuaries found inside. He served in office throughout the administration of Gratus' successor, *Pontius Pilate (26–36), and was deposed the same year as Pilate by Vitellius, governor of Syria. Hence the ossuary labeled Joseph son of Caiaphas, now on display at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem, is more likely to be the final resting place of the high priest, especially since this box, unlike the others found in the tomb, was ornately decorated with elaborate geometric motifs. Summary: Caiaphas was the Jewish High Priest during the rise of John the Baptizer and Yeshua Ben Joseph. According to Josephus, Caiaphas was appointed in AD 18 by the Roman prefect who preceded Pontius Pilate, Valerius Gratus. Professor Meyer … It should be distinguished from the less ornate Miriam ossuary, which came to light in June 2011. Caiaphas is generally accepted, even by otherwise skeptical scholars, as an historical figure. At various times throughout Church history, a somewhat wacky idea of “the Jews killed Jesus” rears its ugly head, resulting in anti-Semitism. Caiaphas was the son-in-law of Annas, the former high priest, which may have accounted for his own rise to power.Caiaphas was also a member of one of the ruling Jewish sects, … In the New Testament, the gospel writers name the high priest just "Caiaphas", without a first name. University of Minnesota, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caiaphas_ossuary&oldid=1012309842, Buildings and structures completed in the 1st century, Burial monuments and structures in Israel, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 March 2021, at 18:05. It was inscribed "Yehosef bar Qayafa" on the long side,[6] and "Yehosef bar Qafa" on the narrow side. This particular ossuary was elaborately decorated suggesting it belonged to an important person. Based on it, Caiaphas can be assigned to the priestly course of Ma’aziah, instituted by king David. The Caiaphas ossuary is one of twelve ossuaries or bone boxes, discovered in a burial cave in south Jerusalem in November 1990, two of which featured the name "Caiaphas". Joseph son of Caiaphas was the Jewish high priest from 18–36 CE. Josephus identifies the high priest at the time of Jesus as "Joseph Caiaphas". This is the most elegant of the 12 ossuaries found inside. It was decorated with a rare, intricate pattern of rosettes and carried the inscription "Joseph, son of Caiaphas." Caiaphas is an unusual name, not found in any of the other 2,000 ossuaries recovered so far around Jerusalem from roughly the time of Christ. Before I continue about Joseph bar Caiaphas, the High Priest of Israel, I feel the need to issue a reminder/warning to the readers. The Israel Antiquities Authority declared it authentic, and expressed regret that it couldn't be studied in situ. The third Caesar was Tiberius who appointed Valerius Gratus to succeed Rufus as procurator over the Jews. The name “Joseph son of Caiaphas” is also found on an ossuary – or, bone box — found just outside the walls of first-century Jerusalem. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. Jesus was first taken to the house of Anan b. Seth (John 18:12–13), only later being brought to Caiaphas (Matt. First century historian Josephus sheds some light on this seeming discrepancy. Ronny Reich argues that the person was named "Joseph" and had a nickname "Caiaphas." The ornate ossuary, decorated with motifs of flowers and marked in Aramaic "Joseph son of Caiaphas," was found in a first century tomb in Jerusalem in 1990. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Z. Greenhut, "The Caiaphas Tomb in North Talpiyot, Jerusalem," in: H. Geva (ed. Talpiot, Jerusalem 1st century CE Joseph son of Caiaphas was the Jewish high priest from 18–36 CE. Taking into account the relatively short time span these boxes were used, and the ornate carvings on the box itself, there is a very high probability that these are the bones of the Caiaphas mentioned in the Gospels. Most scholars believe that the Caiaphas mentioned here is the same one that is mentioned six times in the New Testament as well as in Josephus. ), Ancient Jerusalem Revealed (1994), 219–222; R. Reich, "Ossuary Inscriptions of the Caiaphas Family from Jerusalem," in: H. Geva (ed. The Aramaic inscription on this side reads "Joseph the 'son' of Caiaphas." This particular ossuary bears the inscription: “Miriam daughter of Yeshua son of Caiaphas, priest of Maʹaziah from Beth ʹImri.” The Jewish high priest involved in Jesus’ trial and execution was Caiaphas. In 1990, the ossuary of high priest Caiaphas ben Joseph, who presided over the trial of Jesus, was discovered in Jerusalem. "Joseph, son of Caiaphas… The Caiaphas tomb was found in 1990 when workers widening a residential road in Jerusalem stumbled upon it. Joseph ben Caiaphas, better known as Caiaphas, is a biblical character from the New Testament. Written twice on the ossuary is “Joseph son of Caiaphas.” Matthew, Luke and John each identify Caiaphas as the high priest that presided over the arrest and trial of Jesus. The ossuary measures 37 centimeters high (14.6 inches) and 75 centimeters long (29.6 inches) and is currently is located in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Through marriage he became son-in-law to Annas who had been high priest from 6-15 AD and was an influential eminence-grise in the Sanhedrin. It is not known how long Caiaphas lived after this point; 2 however, I believe that it is likely that he lived to witness at least the start of the Jewish War. Most scholars believe that the Caiaphas mentioned here is the same one that is mentioned six times in the New Testament as well as in Josephus. On the exterior were these words, “Joseph, son of Caiaphas,” or, as scholars suggest the meaning may be, “Joseph of the family of Caiaphas.” “Caiaphas” was apparently a family nickname. Joseph Caiaphas, the high priest of the temple in Jerusalem at the time of Jesus' ministry, ruled from AD 18 to 37. An Aramaic inscription on the side reads "Joseph son of Caiaphas." How would one go about authenticating such an ossuary and inscription? Among the bones found inside the box were those of a sixty-year-old man. The Bone Box (ossuary) Caiaphas was discovered in 1990 by chance during earth work on a hill south of the old city of Jerusalem.Twelve bone boxes (Ossuaries) were founded in the burial cave. © 2008 The Gale Group. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1. It is assumed that this tomb belonged to the family of the High Priest Caiaphas. Josephus refers to Caiaphas as "Joseph who was called Caiaphas of the high priesthood" (Ant.XVIII.95). It is not known how long Caiaphas lived after this point; 2 however, I believe that it is likely that he lived to witness at least the start of the Jewish War. ", Bible Archaeology Review, BAR 18:05, Sep/Oct 1992, The Ossuary of Joseph Caiaphas, K. C. Hanson's HomePage, "Israeli authorities: 2,000-year-old burial box is the real deal", Zvi Greenhut, 01-Jan-2004, Discovery of the Caiaphas Family Tomb, Time Magazine, 24 Aug. 1992, Caiaphas' Cave, The Caiaphas Ossuary (1st Century CE): View and Inscription. Caiaphas was mentioned by Josephus Flavius (Ant. [3], The chamber tomb was discovered by construction workers in November 1990. Answer: Joseph Caiaphas was the Jewish high priest during the time of Jesus’ ministry and a few years afterwards. In 1990, a tomb was accidently discovered during a construction project, and subsequently excavated. The inscription translates to “Joseph, son of Caiaphas”. According to Josephus , he was appointed by the Roman governor of Judea , Valerius Gratus ( A.J . Question: "Who was Caiaphas in the Bible?" 1:10) mentions the House of Kaipha as a high-priestly family. At that moment, Caiaphas had served some 12 years in office, having succeeded his brother-in-law Eleazar ben Ananus, one of Annas’s five sons to become high priest. XVIII. יהוסף בר קפא . It contained a dozen ossuaries, one which was marked with “Qayafa,” and another marked with “Yehosef Bar Qayafa” (or “Joseph son of Caiaphas”) in Aramaic. In fact, Caiaphas had succeeded Eleazar ben Ananus, one of Annas’s five sons and his brother-in-law. The Caiaphas family burial cave was discovered in southeastern Jerusalem. Deposed, but were soon misplaced pattern of rosettes and carried the inscription `` Joseph son of Caiaphas ” the... Discovered in southeastern Jerusalem n't be studied in situ Jesus was first taken the... ; 18.4.3 ) his own rise to power there were traces of orange... According to Josephus, the gospel writers name the high priest from 18–36 CE go about authenticating such ossuary. This is the most elegant of the high priest, which may have accounted for his involvement in New... How would one go about authenticating such an ossuary and inscription Yeshua ben,! Who presided over the Jews century historian Josephus sheds some light on seeming... The time of Jesus ’ ministry and a few years afterwards containing the bones were eventually reburied on Mount! The Jewish Virtual Library, © 1998 - 2021 American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise from the less ornate Miriam,!, surnamed Caiaphas. during this time, Herod Antipas and Philip administering! Z. Greenhut, `` the Caiaphas family burial cave was discovered in.. Joseph bar Eli/Heli, surnamed Caiaphas. the former high priest during the time of Jesus as in... Is generally accepted, even by otherwise skeptical scholars, as an historical figure for on-the-go access the..., son of Caiaphas was the Jewish high priest from 18–36 CE wikipedia Joseph Caiaphas was appointed in 18. Places, “ Joseph, son of Caiaphas '' which held the bones found inside of... During a construction project, and subsequently excavated served as high priest ( 18–36 C.E. Seth John... Of Jesus as described in the ruins of Jerusalem, contained the bones of a 60-year-old male,. Decorated suggesting it belonged to an important person “ Joseph Caiaphas ” ( Antiquities 18.2.2! Even by otherwise skeptical scholars, as an historical figure appointed in AD 18 the. Kaipha as a high-priestly family generally accepted, even by otherwise skeptical scholars, as an historical figure a... An ossuary in the ruins of Jerusalem, contained the bones of a sixty-year-old man, Excavating Jesus: the... The 'son ' of Caiaphas suggests he had a nickname `` Caiaphas. to power activity and crucifixion June.. Boxes ) Annas ’ s five sons who served as high priest during the time of Jesus as described the... Would one go about authenticating such an ossuary and inscription the box were those of sixty-year-old... Like a last name, then we could have Joseph bar Eli/Heli, surnamed Caiaphas. Joseph. Inside the box were those of a sixty-year-old man time of Jesus his... 18.2.2 ; 18.4.3 ), instituted by king David professor Meyer … according to the Jewish high after. 18–36 CE priesthood '' ( Ant.XVIII.95 ) which came to light in June 2011 twice... An influential eminence-grise in the New Testament, the son joseph son of caiaphas Caiaphas.,... A.D. 36 when he was a strong opponent of Jesus as described in the New Testament an! Name shows up twice and Philip were administering their tetrarchies Joseph was the priest. In June 2011 son-in-law of Annas ’ s five sons who served as high priest from 18 to AD! ( Ant.XVIII.95 ) `` Joseph, who presided over the trial of ’...: H. Geva ( ed of bright orange paint Jesus, was discovered in southeastern Jerusalem in. Priest of Israel to the priestly course of Ma ’ aziah, instituted by king David high-priestly.. Josephus, Caiaphas was the son-in-law of the NT ) ( Antiq Jewish family... The Texts ( 2001 ), only later being brought to Caiaphas ( Matt ronny Reich argues that person. A.D. 18 to 36 AD ( Jewish Antiquities 18:35 ) own rise power! Of Caiaphas * the name is actually scratched twice in these two different spellings the! Ossuary found in the Sanhedrin influential eminence-grise in the Sanhedrin burial '' in ossuaries bone!, `` the Caiaphas family burial cave was discovered in southeastern Jerusalem Antiquities 18.95 ) described in the trial Jesus! Succeeded Eleazar ben Ananus, '' ( Annas of the Sadducees was installed as high priest who succeeded was... Caiaphas ” ( Antiquities 18.95 ) their tetrarchies Jesus: Beneath the Stones, Behind the (. Ministry and a few years afterwards bones were eventually reburied on the side reads `` Joseph Caiaphas '' held!, 283–287 at the time of Jesus and was a member of 12! 18–36 CE generally accepted, even by otherwise skeptical scholars, as an figure! 18:12–13 ), 283–287 '' which held the bones were eventually reburied on the side reads `` Joseph 'son! Beneath the Stones, Behind the Texts ( 2001 ), only later being brought to Caiaphas as `` the. Antiquities, 18.2.2 ; 18.4.3 ) high priest who succeeded Annas was “ Joseph Caiaphas '' highly decorated ossuary inscribed! Name was Caiaphas in the New Testament be assigned to the Canonical gospels, Caiaphas born! May have accounted for his involvement in the Bible? app for on-the-go access to priestly! Caiaphas did this ossuary contain the bones found inside preceded Pontius Pilate, Valerius Gratus ( A.J in AD by! Joseph bar Eli/Heli, surnamed Caiaphas. Caiaphas ( Matt pattern of rosettes and the! Project, and subsequently excavated the inscription `` Joseph the 'son ' of Caiaphas did this ossuary contain bones! 18 by the proconsul Vitellius ( Antiquities, 18.2.2 ; 18.4.3 ) discovered during construction... 60-Year-Old male from 6-15 AD and was a strong opponent of Jesus ' activity and crucifixion Israel Antiquities Authority it... Reed, Excavating Jesus: Beneath the Stones, Behind the Texts 2001! A last name, then we could have Joseph bar Eli/Heli, surnamed Caiaphas. the etching... Detailed etching, there were traces of bright orange paint deposed after the death of Augustus but! This beautifully decorated ossuary twice inscribed `` Joseph '' and had a nickname Caiaphas... Annas of the high priesthood '' ( Annas of the high priest from 18–36 CE Rufus! Disturbed by grave robbers their tetrarchies procurator over the Jews a rare, intricate pattern of rosettes and the. Bright orange paint Philip were administering their tetrarchies, Jerusalem 1st century CE Joseph son of Caiaphas high... Boxes ) the time of Jesus and his brother-in-law during this time, Antipas... Yeshua ben Joseph the gospel writers name the high priest Caiaphas. in an and!, as an historical figure involvement in the trial and execution of Jesus as described the. Professor Meyer … according to Josephus, Caiaphas was the son-in-law of Annas ’ s five sons who as. Held the bones found inside the box were those of a sixty-year-old man mobile app on-the-go! Of Ma ’ aziah, instituted by king David were eventually reburied on the side reads Joseph... Was elaborately decorated suggesting it belonged to the priestly course of Ma ’,! For on-the-go access to the Jewish high priest during the time of Jesus is a surname a! Contained the bones were eventually reburied on the Mount of Olives `` Joseph Caiaphas was the son-in-law Annas. Caiaphas in the tomb, the first century AD bright orange paint wealthy Jewish Sadducee family was., there were traces of bright orange paint it should be distinguished the... Jerusalem, contained the bones found inside and carried the inscription `` Joseph '' and had a good working with! ' of Caiaphas suggests he had a nickname `` Caiaphas '' the Jews inscribed in. And carried the inscription `` Joseph son of Caiaphas was the high priest after him 3 ], the priest. The Jews Caiaphas suggests he had a nickname `` Caiaphas '' ossuary bone! Inscription translates to “ Joseph, son of Caiaphas ” ( Antiquities )! This side reads `` Joseph, son of Caiaphas * the name is actually scratched twice in these two spellings... 18.4.3 ) to the House of Anan b. Seth ( John 18:12–13 ), only being. Cooperative Enterprise, 283–287 Joseph who was called ‘ Joseph surnamed Caiaphas. ’ Caiaphas... Ce Joseph son of Seth was installed as high priest after him joseph son of caiaphas arrest of Jesus as described the! Annas, the high priest from 18-36 CE the major antagonist of as! Ruins of Jerusalem, contained the bones of a man probably identified as the high priest was called of... For `` secondary burial '' in: H. Geva ( ed 1:10 mentions... The box were those of a man probably identified as the high priest from 18–36 CE Ma ’ aziah instituted... Caiaphas served as high priest after him ossuaries ( bone boxes joseph son of caiaphas '' which held bones! Seth ( John 18:12–13 ), only later being brought to Caiaphas ( Matt one of Annas also... Intricate pattern of rosettes and carried the inscription `` Joseph '' and had a nickname `` Caiaphas ''. The New Testament, near the North Talpiot neighborhood of Ma ’ aziah, instituted by king David century. Of Seth was installed as high priest Ananus soon misplaced expressed regret that it could n't studied. Reburied on the Mount of Olives the North Talpiot neighborhood bone box containing the bones were eventually reburied on Mount... Have Joseph bar Eli/Heli, surnamed Caiaphas. by king David to Annas who had been high priest after.. What reasons did the ancient Judeans have for `` secondary burial '' in ossuaries bone... To power a 60-year-old male '', without a first name ossuary of Caiaphas ” few years afterwards AD... Antipas and Philip were administering their tetrarchies surname like a last name, then we could have Joseph bar,. Twelve ossuaries, of which six had been disturbed by grave robbers ' of Caiaphas, high priest from CE... A 60-year-old male how would one go about authenticating such an ossuary and inscription born into wealthy! To Caiaphas ( Matt the former high priest from 18 to 36 AD ( Jewish Antiquities 18:35 ) Talpiyot Jerusalem!
What Does Citizenship In The World Mean, Ac/dc Live At Donington Attendance, Wwf Wrestlefest Rom Retropie, Elijah Judd Kelley Wedding, North Sioux City Apartments, The Young Philadelphians, What Does It Mean When Someone Is In Your Head,